Naringenin Powder

What is naringenin?

Naringenin powder (naringenin) is a natural organic compound with the molecular formula C15H12O5. It is a yellow powder, soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene. Mainly from the Anacardiaceae plant cashew nuts are seed coats, etc. Used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicine containing naringenin. It forms a glycoside with neohesperidin at the 7-carbon position, which is called naringin and has an extremely bitter taste. When it is ring-opened and hydrogenated under alkaline conditions to form dihydrochalcones, it is a sweetener with a sweetness up to 2000 times that of sucrose. Hesperetin is abundantly found in citrus peels. It forms a glycoside with rutose at the 7-carbon position, which is called hesperidin. It forms a glycoside with β-neohesperidin at the 7-carbon position, which is called neohesperidin.

Naringenin Powder is the aglycone of naringin and is a dihydroflavone compound. It is a white needle-like crystal (methanol) at room temperature. It is soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, and almost insoluble in water. The reaction of magnesium hydrochloride powder is cherry red, the reaction of sodium tetrahydroborate is reddish purple, and the molish reaction is negative. In nature, it mainly comes from the flower buds of the rose plant Sakura (Prunusyedoensis Mate.) and the core shell of the fruit of the Anacardiaceae plant stem tree (Amacardi-umoccidentale L.). The core structures of flavonoids are similar, and most of the components are not ideal in fat solubility and water solubility, and have low bioavailability. By modifying its structure and introducing highly fat-soluble or water-soluble groups, its fat-solubility or water-solubility can be improved, thereby improving bioavailability. Its structural modifications mainly include alkylation, acylation, sulfonation, glycoside and formation of metal complexes of hydroxyl groups.

What are the benefits?

1. Anti-inflammatory effect

Inflammatory response refers to the body's defensive response to damaging factors. It is a complex process involving a variety of cytokines. Antibacterial experiments found that naringenin showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The mechanism by which naringenin effectively attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation is to inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration, release of inflammatory mediators, pulmonary edema, MPO, and iNOS activity through the NF-κB pathway, and inhibit the secretion of TNF-α and pulmonary inflammation. Neutrophil infiltration reduces neutrophil recruitment to the lung and neutrophil-mediated oxidative damage, and these studies have promoted the development of naringenin as an anti-inflammatory agent.

2. Antioxidant effect

It can prevent oxidative stress in the liver, which may be related to the activation of the Nrf2 nuclear transcription factor and the attenuation of the TNF-α pathway that triggers inflammatory responses in liver tissue. An appropriate balance between oxidants and antioxidants is necessary for a healthy and long life. Once the balance is disrupted, it may lead to dysfunction and disease caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Importantly, naringenin can alleviate diabetes and its related complications, which may be directly related to its ability to inhibit inflammatory pathways and cell signaling, protect inflammatory cytokines, and enhance antioxidant effects.

3. Anti-damage effect

Injury refers to the destruction of tissue structure caused by various traumatic factors (such as severe infection, trauma, shock, toxic heavy metals, etc.), and the resulting local and systemic reactions. Naringenin has a protective effect on lead-induced damage and provides a research direction for the treatment of damage caused by toxic heavy metals. An acute lung injury (ALI) model was established through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and different doses of naringenin were injected intraperitoneally. The detection of related factors in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed that naringenin can significantly inhibit TNF-α, TGF-β1, The upregulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels reduces the contents of malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline in the lungs, and increases the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and HO-1, indicating that naringenin can effectively protect and treat ALI. , providing new ideas for clinical treatment of lung injury.

4. Hypolipidemic effect

Hyperlipidemia is mainly caused by excessive levels of cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDLC) in plasma. It is a common disease that seriously threatens human health, and the incidence rate is increasing year by year. . Although statins and fibrates are effective, they have many side effects. Therefore, people have shown great interest in the blood lipid-lowering effect of traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have found that flavonoids such as naringenin can reduce the concentration of CH and TG in the blood by inhibiting apolipoprotein B secreted by the liver, thereby achieving the effect of lowering blood lipids. Naringenin can also inhibit HMGCoA reductase activity, reduce blood lipid levels in hyperlipidemia rat models, improve abnormal lipid metabolism in rats with hyperlipidemia, and inhibit the formation of atherosclerosis and fatty liver.

5. Antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral

Naringenin has antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Xanthococcus and Escherichia coli. Further studies have added evidence for Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Prevotella oralis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Propionibacterium melanogaster, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans, tropical and Gram-negative bacteria. Evidence for antibacterial agents such as Candida flexi. Although naringin has not been shown to have any inhibitory effect on the urease activity of microorganisms, there is evidence of its antibacterial effects against Helicobacter pylori.

Naringenin can reduce virus production in HCV-infected hepatocytes cultured in vitro. This may be secondary to naringenin's effect on inhibiting VLDL secretion. The antiviral effects of naringin are currently under clinical study. Reports of antiviral effects on poliovirus, HSV-1 and HSV-2 have also been published, although viral replication was not inhibited.

6.Immunomodulatory

Naringenin Powder maintains a moderate oxidative stress balance within the cell at a specific time and in a specific region by regulating the flow of electrons in the mitochondria. Therefore, the immunomodulatory function of naringenin is different from traditional simple immune enhancers or immunosuppressants. It is characterized by its ability to restore an unbalanced immune state (pathological state) to a near-normal immune balance state (physiological state). It does not enhance or suppress the immune response in one direction.

7.Women's menstrual period regulation

Naringenin has an activity similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It reduces the synthesis of prostaglandin PGE2 by inhibiting cyclooxygenase COX, and plays an antipyretic, analgesic and inflammation-relieving role.

Based on the estrogen-like effects of naringenin, naringenin can be used for estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women to avoid serious adverse reactions caused by long-term use of estrogen.

8.Impact on obesity

Naringenin has obvious therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia and obesity.

Naringenin can significantly improve high plasma cholesterol concentration, TG (triglyceride) concentration and free fatty acid concentration in obese rats. Studies on high-fat model rats have found that naringenin can reduce blood lipid levels by up-regulating monocyte peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ.

Through clinical trials, it was found that patients with hypercholesterolemia took one capsule containing 400 mg of naringin every day for 8 weeks. The concentrations of TC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma decreased, while the concentrations of TG and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not change significantly.

In summary. Naringenin's ability to improve hyperlipidemia has been well confirmed in animal experiments and clinical trials.

Application direction

Naringenin Powder has a wide range of pharmacological effects and is currently used in medicine and health care products.

Naringenin supplier

Yuantai Organic Bio is committed to providing customers with the highest-quality bulk Naringenin Powder and services so that every consumer can enjoy natural, healthy, and high-quality food. If you have any inquiries or needs about our products, please feel free to contact us, and we will reply to you as soon as possible.

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