Cinnamic aldehyde

What is Cinnamic aldehyde？

Also known as cinnamaldehyde, β-phenylpropenal, 3-phenyl-2-propenal, it is the main active ingredient of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine cinnamon (content>75%). Cinnamon is the dried bark of cinnamon, an evergreen tree of Lauraceae. It is a powerful antioxidant, which supports the health of cells, liver, brain and kidneys, and promotes the functions of digestive system, nervous system and circulatory system. It is an aldehyde organic compound, a yellow viscous liquid, which exists in large quantities in plants such as cinnamon. Cinnamic aldehydenaturally existing in nature is a trans structure. The molecule is a phenyl group connected to a propenal, so it can be considered as a propenal derivative. Its color is caused by π→π* transition, and the presence of conjugated structure makes its absorption spectrum enter the visible light band. It has a strong special smell of cinnamon oil and a burnt aroma. It is widely used in spices, pharmaceuticals, daily chemicals, feed, papermaking and food processing. It is also an important organic synthesis intermediate. It exists in cinnamon oil in nature. It is a yellow liquid with strong refraction. It turns into a dark brown viscous liquid when exposed to light and air. It is soluble in ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in water, insoluble in petroleum ether, and easily oxidized in the air.
In addition to being extracted from cinnamon bark, it can also be obtained by chemical synthesis. In industry, geraniol is usually used as a raw material and prepared by oxidation reaction. Whether it is natural extraction or chemical synthesis, the obtained products have the same chemical structure and biological activity.

Effects:

1. Antioxidant effect: It has a strong antioxidant effect and is very helpful in resisting oxidative damage to cells by free radicals.
2. Regulating blood sugar levels: It can promote the release of insulin and lower blood sugar levels, so it has a certain therapeutic effect on patients with unstable blood sugar and diabetes.
3. Preventing cerebral thrombosis: It can prevent the occurrence of cerebral thrombosis because it can improve blood circulation and promote vasodilation.
4. Antibacterial effect: It has a strong antibacterial effect and can inhibit the growth and reproduction of a variety of bacteria, so it is very effective for the treatment of infectious diseases.
5. Improve immunity: It can enhance the body's immunity and increase resistance. It has a certain health care effect on people with relatively weak immunity such as the elderly and children.

Application:

1. Application in flavors and fragrances. It has a good fragrance-holding effect. Using it as a fragrance in perfumery can make the main fragrance more fragrant. Because its boiling point is higher than other organic substances with the same molecular weight, it can also be used as a fixative. For example, it can be used in soap flavors to prepare daffodils, gardenias, jasmine, lily of the valley, roses and other flavors, which are widely used in soaps, washing powders and shampoos. It can be used in food to prepare fruit flavors such as apples and cherries, which can be used in candies, ice cream, beverages, chewing gum, cakes and tobacco.
2. Application in daily necessities. Because it can promote blood circulation, warm the skin, and tighten skin tissue. External use for massage can make the limbs and body comfortable, and the phenomenon of water retention can be fully improved. It has a strong fat decomposition effect. At the same time, it has a good effect on softening and removing scars and fibroids on the skin. Therefore, it is often used in massage fluids and beauty products. It is used in oral care products such as chewing gum and toothpaste, which has the dual effects of sterilization and deodorization. Chewing gum containing this product can be used as a functional health food. They can have a positive impact on oral hygiene in the short term. They can not only be used to cover up bad breath, but also can really remove the bacteria that cause bad breath.
3. Application in food. It is a safe, non-toxic, non-carcinogenic natural flavor. It can be used as a food additive and is widely used in foods such as biscuits, chewing gum, cakes, chocolate, meat products, etc., which can enhance the aroma and taste of the product. It has the functions of preservation, antiseptic, and mildew resistance. It can be used as a mildew preventer for food and a preservative for vegetables. At the same time, it can also change the taste to stimulate consumption.
4. Application in feed. It has a good anti-mold and bactericidal effect. When added to feed, it can be kept for a long time without mold, discoloration or taste change; it can strengthen the movement of the stomach and intestines, and at the same time promote the secretion of gastric juice, enhance digestive function, and thus increase the animal's food intake; its own unique fragrance can increase the animal's appetite, without adding other spices and attractants.
Content analysis
Method 1: Determine by non-polar column in GT-10-4 gas chromatography.
Method 2: Determine by aldehyde determination method (OT-6), in which the sample amount is 1.5g. The equivalent factor (e) in the calculation is 66.08.

Pharmacological activity

Cinnamic aldehyde and micelles containing it relax coronary arteries by different mechanisms. This product inhibits Ca2+ influx and reduces Ca2+ sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle cells (left), while micelles containing the polymeric original drug cause endothelium-dependent relaxation by releasing NO and H2O2 (right). Micelles loaded with it cause relaxation by two mechanisms (middle). Therefore, these two micelles can be used to relieve coronary vasospasm and for therapeutic drug delivery.

As a traditional flavor ingredient isolated from cinnamon bark, it has been widely used in digestive, cardiovascular and immune system diseases. Lesions of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis.
It can significantly inhibit ox-LDL-induced VSMCs proliferation, migration and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, as well as the formation of foam cells in VSMCs and macrophages. In addition, it inhibits the phosphorylation of p38, JNK and p65 NF-κB and increases the activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Furthermore, it reduced the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). In addition, it arrested the cell cycle at the S phase. Therefore, the results showed that  Cinnamic aldehyde antagonized bovine-LDL-induced VSMCs proliferation, migration, inflammation, and foam cell formation by regulating HO-1, MMP-2, LOX-1, and blocking the cell cycle, as well as inhibiting p38, JNK/MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Formulation
Capusle Formulation

Tablet Formulation

Solid Drink Formula

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